| contents
| river basin institutions | river
basin planning | three models | operational
management | results of river basin management
Whenever
thinking about water, it is helpful to have a conceptual model:
river
basin Institutions
- France:
Agence de l'Eau/ Commissions locales de l'Eau: The Agence
de l'Eau have financial instruments and the ability to
make plans for water management, such as metering schemes,
but not the power to implement them. The Commisions make
detailed plans for small local areas.
- Germany:
Coordination platforms: these are responsible for water
management allocation. River Basin institutions (NRW),
water management associations
- Netherlands:
Regional waterboards. There are institutions only at regional
level, decentralised state, national, provincial and local
control.
- Portugal:
River councils. There are six separate institutions -
river basin councils with representatives from local organisations
and NGO's.
- UK:
Environment Agency; and regional institutions at a local
level.
map
1: territories of the Agencies de L'Eau (thick lines), and
SAGES in preparation
river
basin planning
- France:
SDAGE/ SAGE
- Germany:
Primarily in NRW. There is little planning, as it is considered
to be quickly out of date and ineffective. There are exceptions,
but it is generally not popular.
- Netherlands:
No, but much planning. There is a planning system for
land use, water management, environmental management at
all three government levels, strategic, operational and
planning, but it is not specifically based on river basins,
which may be problematic. Public consultation is considered
important.
- Portugal:
River basin planning exists in15 regions
- UK:
CMP/ LEAP. Catchment management plans have now been replaced
by EA plans which are broader in scope. Public consultation
is considered important.
the
rhine (basin)
- 1950
(1963): ICPR Monitoring and research
- 1970:
Rhine dead
- 1976:
Chemicals and Chlorides conventions
- 1986:
Sandoz
- 1987
Rhine Action Plan
- 1995:
floods
- 1998
Flood Action Plan
- 2000:
New Rhine Treaty
three
models
Hydrological
model
- river
basin authorities
- river
basin planning
Administrative
model
- river
basin absent in organizational structure
- no
river basin planning
Coordinated
model
- coordination
platforms
- river
basin planning
three
models
Hydrological
model
- river
basin authorities
- river
basin planning
Administrative
model
- river
basin absent in organizational structure
- no
river basin planning
Coordinated
model
- coordination
platforms
- river
basin planning
river
basin management characterised
organizational
structure based on hydrological boundaries?
| |
totally |
|
|
|
coordinated |
|
not
at all |
| yes |
hydrological
model |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
UK |
|
Pt |
|
|
|
| river
basin planning? |
|
|
Fr |
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
coordinated
model |
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
Nl |
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
Ge |
|
|
| no |
|
|
|
|
|
|
administrative
model |
operational
management: most popular instruments
| |
Regulatory |
Economic/
financial |
Communi-cative
|
Operational |
| France |
|
|
|
|
| Germany |
|
|
|
|
| Netherlands |
|
|
|
|
| Portugal |
|
|
|
|
| England
& Wales |
|
|
|
|
| Rhine |
|
|
|
|
| Scheldt
and Meuse |
|
|
|
|
| Iberian
basins |
|
|
|
|
decision
support
- Everywhere
- Special
role in Netherlands and Rhine
- Traditional
DS
| |
Sewage
|
Other
point sources |
Diffuse
sources |
Water
quality |
Water
scarcity |
Flooding
and river maintenance |
Overall
degradation? |
Water
management - land-use planning |
Conflicts
within areas |
Between
areas/ countries |
| France |
A,2 |
A,
2-3 |
A-X, 1-2 |
A,2 |
A-X, 1-2 |
A-X,1-2 |
No |
A, 1-2 |
A, 2 |
B, 2 |
| Germany |
A,2-3 |
A,3 |
A,1-2 |
B,2 |
X |
A, 2 |
No |
A, 2 |
A, 2 |
B, 3 |
| Netherlands |
A,2 |
A,3 |
A,1-2 |
A,3 |
B,1 |
A, 2 |
No |
A, 1-2 |
A, 2 |
B, 3 |
| Portugal |
A,2-1 |
A,1-2 |
A,1 |
A,1-2 |
X(A?) |
A, 1-2 |
No |
A, 1-2 |
A, 2 |
A, 2 |
| England
& Wales |
A,3 |
A,3 |
A,2 |
A,2 |
B,3 |
A, 3 |
No |
A, 1-2 |
B, 2 |
A, 3 |
| Rhine |
A,3 |
A,2-3 |
A,2 |
A-B,2-3 |
X |
A, 2 |
No |
A, 2 |
A, 2 |
A, 2 |
| Scheldt
and Meuse |
A,2 |
A,2 |
A,2 |
A,2-3 |
X |
A, 1-2 |
No |
A, 2 |
A, 1-2 |
A, 1-2 |
| Iberian
basins |
A,2 |
A,2 |
A,2 |
B,2 |
A,2 |
n.d. |
No |
n.d. |
X |
A, 1-2 |
results
of river basin management
- Number
of problems solved or being solved, others not yet
- No
overall degradation, but
- Flooding
problem everywhere
- Water
- land use!
- Water
- agriculture!
conclusions
- Much
variety in management systems
- Many
managers
- The
water sector does not suffice anymore
- Communicative
instruments and PP become more popular
- Framework
Directive water!
conclusions:
international basins
Development
of co-operation takes much time Issue linkage. Be prepared
for disasters (2x)! Non-binding action plans can be very effective
Commissions too
link
to Erik's other presentation: Integrated
River Basin Management, Results
of the water 21 project Paper for Hydrotop, Marseille 17 June
1999
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