From: Van oost Kenneth (kennethvanoost@belgacom.net)
Date: Sun 03 Nov 2002 - 15:32:48 GMT
Again Grant, think of the imaginary line I brought up, of course single-
cells
communicate, but that is not to say that this can 't be a second stage in
their
development into something more complex.
Single- cell floating around in an environment,
next step, two single- cells bumb into eachother, they got instinctive
reactions
to it,
next step, they try to communicate, trial and error,
next step, they speak to eachother
a step in evolution has been made.....
Kenneth
> >
> >----- Original Message -----
> >From: "Grant Callaghan" <grantc4@hotmail.com>
> >Kenneth,
> > > >What we all forget is that everything and all start as one
singularity,
> >as
> > > >one cell ! We all see cells working together, they are all inbedded
in
> > > >what collective is known as a human being, the one single cell is
for-
> > > >gotten ! The interest in one single cell can 't outweight the huge
> >accom-
> > > >plishments of finding out how other cells work together.
> > > >That is my pain !
> >Grant,
> > > They work together because they can communicate, just as we do, but in
> >their
> > > own chemical language.
> >
> >They started to communicate in order to work together, but that wasn 't
the
> >initial ' goal ' of evolution so to speak, communication was just one
step
> >up
> >on the ladder. The bias was quiet, silent with no words to speak, no
> >communi-
> >cation just spasphem of uncontrolled behavior inducted by stimili and
> >response
> >of instinctive processes on the moving of the water where the organism in
> >that time
> >lived in.
> >
> >Only when two of the same kind finally met there was something new...
> >
> >Kenneth
> >
> >
> I can't speak for the goals of evolution, but even single-celled organisms
> communicate and some even cooperate. Symbiosis was around before
> multi-celled animals. Mitocondria established themselves inside larger
> single cells before the larger cells banded together to become multicelled
> organisms.
>
> >From Creative Nets in the Precambrian Age
>
> By Howard Bloom
>
> THE NETWORKED BACTERIAL "BRAIN"
>
> Eshel Ben Jacob, at the University of Tel Aviv, and James Shapiro at the
> University of Chicago have been studying bacterial colonies from a
radically
> original perspective - and have emerged with surprising results. Their
> findings explain why the ripple effect is a mark of bacterial networking -
> and of much, much more.
>
>
> stromatolite
>
> For generations bacteria have been thought of as lone cells, each making
its
> own way in the world. Ben Jacob and Shapiro, on the other hand, have
> demonstrated that few, if any, bacteria are hermits. They are extremely
> social beasts. And undeveloped as their cellular structure might be, their
> social structure is a wonder. The ripple effect is one manifestation of a
> colony's coordinated tactics for mastering its environment. We could call
it
> the probe and feast approach.
>
> A bacterial spore lands on an area rich in food. Using the nutrients into
> which it has fallen, it reproduces at a dizzying rate. But eventually the
> initial food patch which gave it its start runs out. Stricken by famine,
the
> individual bacteria, which by now may number in the millions, do not, like
> the citizens of Athens during the plague of 430 b.c., die off where they
> lie. Instead these prokaryotes embark on a joint effort aimed at keeping
the
> colony alive.
>
> The initial progeny of the first spore were sedentary. Being rooted to one
> spot made sense when that microbit of territory was overflowing with
> edibles. Now the immobile form these first bacteria assumed is no longer a
> wise idea. Numerous cells switch gears. Rather than reproducing couch
> potatoes like themselves, they marshall their remaining resources to
produce
> daughters of an entirely different kind - rambunctious rovers built for
> movement. Unlike their parents, members of the new generation sport an
array
> of external whips with which they can snake their way across a hard
surface
> or twirl through water. This cohort departs en masse to seek its fortune,
> expanding ring-like from the base established by its ancestors. The
travels
> of the fortunate lead to yet more food.
>
> Successful foragers undergo another mass shift. They give birth to
daughters
> as determined to stick to one spot as their grandparents had once been.
> These stay-at-homes sup on the banquet provided by their new surroundings.
> Eventually their perch, too, is sucked dry. They then follow bacterial
> tradition, generating a new swarm of outbound pioneers. Each succession of
> emigrants leaves behind a circle thinned by its spreading search. And each
> generation of settlers accumulates in a thick band as it sucks nourishment
> from its locale. The ripples of ancient stromatolites are proof positive
> that life three and a half billion years ago already took advantage of
> social cooperation.
>
> The work of Ben Jacob and Shapiro has demonstrated that bacterial
> communities are elaborately interwoven by communication links. Their
> signalling devices are many: chemical outpourings with which one group
> transmits its findings to all in its vicinity; fragments of genetic
> material, each of which spreads a different story from one end of the
> population to another. And a variety of other devices for long-distance
data
> transmission.
>
> These turn a colony into a collective processor for sensing danger, for
> feeling out the environment, and for undergoing - if necessary - radical
> adaptations to survive and prosper, no matter how tough the challenge. The
> resulting modular learning machine is so ingenious that Eshel Ben Jacob
has
> called it a "creative net."
>
>
> Grant
>
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This was distributed via the memetics list associated with the
Journal of Memetics - Evolutionary Models of Information Transmission
For information about the journal and the list (e.g. unsubscribing)
see: http://www.cpm.mmu.ac.uk/jom-emit
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