Subject: Fwd: The adman is a PC
Date: Tue, 7 Sep 1999 07:43:40 -0400
From: "Wade T.Smith" <wade_smith@harvard.edu>
To: "Memetics Discussion List" <memetics@mmu.ac.uk>
This might just be a viral variant of that dreaded reductionism we all 
seem to hate or love....
______________________________________
The adman is a PC
By Dolores Kong, Globe Staff, 09/06/99
Are computers more creative than humans?
Perhaps - at least when it comes to developing ad concepts, according to 
an experiment comparing ideas that a specially programmed computer 
generated with those dreamed up by humans.
To convey that a particular brand of computer is user-friendly, for 
instance, the computer came up with the notion of having a bouquet of 
flowers come out of a computer screen. The human concept, on the other 
hand, called for a lipstick imprint on the screen, as if a woman had 
kissed it. The computer's idea was judged better by a panel of ordinary 
people, not trained in advertising.
An essay titled ''Creative Sparks'' reports the findings in the current 
issue of the journal Science.
The point of the exercise was not to minimize human creativity, or to 
compare computers with humans, but to explore the mechanical aspects of 
creativity, so that what makes humans human can be better understood, 
said Sorin Solomon, a physics professor at the Hebrew University of 
Jerusalem. He co-authored the report with marketing colleagues Jacob 
Goldenberg and David Mazursky.
''Deep in ourselves, we hope that humans are really something special. I 
still believe we are,'' said Solomon, a particle physicist by training, 
in a telephone interview yesterday.
And the way Solomon and his colleagues are trying to prove that is 
through a process of elimination, by seeing what aspects of human 
endeavor can be performed just as well by computers and which can't.
''All these efforts of reductionism of mine are not because I really 
believe that everything can be reduced to physics, to mechanics. It's in 
order to take away what can be reduced, and leave in all the splendor the 
things that cannot be reduced,'' Solomon said.
As a result of his work as a particle physicist, studying the natural 
rules that govern microscopic particles, Solomon became intrigued with 
trying to find similar rules that might explain human activities, if they 
are broken down into small enough parts to be studied. He calls this 
effort ''microscopic representation.''
So for the advertising experiment, he and his colleagues worked with 
advertising professionals and analyzed award-winning ads (designed by 
humans), to come up with discrete formulas to explain what makes a great 
ad.
These formulas, or algorithms, were then plugged into a computer, which 
then came up with ad concepts of its own.
One of the most common formulas for an award-winning ad, for instance, 
turns out to be what the researchers call the ''pictorial analogy 
template,'' in which a symbol, like a bouquet of flowers, is put on a 
product, like a computer.
The humans who came up with ad ideas for the experiment were highly 
educated people like professors and scientists, but not necessarily 
advertising professionals.
Then the ideas from both computers and humans were given to artists to 
turn into advertisements. The judges compared those ads with each other, 
as well as to some of the human-made award-winning ads that had served as 
the basis for some of the computer formulas.
All hope is not lost for humans, though. Even though the 
computer-generated ideas beat out those dreamed up by humans in the 
experiment, the judges found the best ads to actually be the 
award-winning ones (created by humans) that served as the basis of the 
computer-formulated ones.
And advertising officials in Boston scoffed at the notion that a computer 
could ever take the place of the most talented professionals.
''I'd put our best creative minds against computers any time,'' said 
Bethany Kendall, president of the 7,000-member Advertising Club of 
Greater Boston, the largest advertising and communications trade group in 
the nation.
Alan Holliday, one of the founders of ad agency Hill Holliday Connors 
Cosmopulos and now an assistant professor of mass communications at 
Boston University, said, ''There's an awful lot of dumb, boring 
advertising that a computer could probably do just as well, but the 
really great advertising takes in a lot of factors that I don't think a 
computer can.''
This story ran on page C02 of the Boston Globe on 09/06/99. =A9 Copyright 
1999 Globe Newspaper Company.
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