water
conclusions
Claudia
Pahl-Wostl
two
important questions:
- Water: What issues
are at stake?
- IA: How to link
analytical and modelling approaches with participants?
summary
of issues are looking at:
- Water demand, patterns
management
- Perception and
handling of risk
- Extreme events:
(which may be very different from each other)
- floods
- droughts
- peak demands:
for example, in Switzerland this is related to climate.
This is also very
much related to perceptions of risk; for example, in Holland, a major
cultural shift in attitudes has been noted.
focus
on transitions - and on institutional change
Institutions - have
a set of shared rules governing behaviour and communication
- Formal institutions
- legislation
- technical
regulation
- market
- Informal institutions
-
- agreements
- rules of good
practice
- habits of consumers
- negotiation
Institutions are very
fragmented in water. The different groups need to be brought together.
These are different social groups, with different time and spatial scales.
water-human
system linkages
Natural System
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Interlinkages |
Social System |
H20 |
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Technical market,
social perceptions - perceive value of water, risks differently
When describing regions,
need to map out these different interaction forms.
water
model
- How to represent
the environment? - the whole ecosystem
- Spatial resolution
- against representation on a very small scale - or boxes / exchanging
- ‡ What time scales
are we looking at?
- eg effect
of regulation may be very much delayed
- eg processes
are different in different regions
- eg uncertainties
- Focus on the representations
of agents - may be different in different regions
- How do we agree
on selection of issues?
- important
to cover all the issues.
- each region
has different issues. For example, in Oxford, demand may be reduced
through management, so although extreme events are relevant, they
may not be important.
- Some issues
are important in other areas, for example, in the Dutch case study,
the development of nature is important. Also, water quality is an
important issue for Barcelona, and supply is more important.
- Is the focus on
institutional change appropriate?
- for the French
case, it may possibly not be institutional change
- it is important
to grasp how institutions interact with each other, and with individuals.
Of course they may evolve, but not necessarily change.
- The focus
should be more orientated towards negotiation, which may or may
not be about change
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